of democracy (rather than democracy vs. non-democracy) has important consequences for the adoption of structural polices … opposed to majoritarian) and permanent (as opposed to temporary) democracy appear to produce the most growth …

difference in the structural variances in these two sub-samples to gain identification. We find that democracy and the rule of … a negative impact on income levels and democracy, but a positive effect on rule of law. Higher income produces greater … openness and better institutions, but these effects are not very strong. Rule of law and democracy tend to be mutually …

We provide evidence that democracy has a significant and robust positive effect on GDP. Our empirical strategy relies … on a dichotomous measure of democracy coded from several sources to reduce measurement error and controls for country … fixed effects and the rich dynamics of GDP, which otherwise confound the effect of democracy on economic growth. Our …

In this paper we revisit the relationship between democracy, redistribution and inequality. We first explain the … theoretical reasons why democracy is expected to increase redistribution and reduce inequality, and why this expectation may fail … to be realized when democracy is captured by the richer segments of the population; when it caters to the preferences of …

reduce the effective red tape it faces. The efficient grease' hypothesis asserts therefore that corruption can improve …

We use a data set of federal corruption convictions in the U.S. to investigate the causes and consequences of … corruption. More educated states, and to a less degree richer states, have less corruption. This relationship holds even when we … today. The level of corruption is weakly correlated with the level of income inequality and racial fractionalization, and …

threats, corruption, and other relevant controls. While growth falls with higher levels of military spending, given the values …