(english) In this paper, we expose the economic conditions of cities emergence in a spatial general equilibrium framework. The presence of increasing returns based on the division of labour, transport costs and the possible existence of an agricultural surplus are enough to generate different...

This paper discusses Gelderblom’s hypothesis that urban competition (including a large number of competing cities, footloose foreign traders and municipal autonomy) was central to the rise of inclusive trade institutions in Europe. The first part discusses the precise behaviour of traders,...

Using a micro database of Tunisian firms, the paper investigates the dynamics of productivity growth, employment and jobs reallocation. The methodology is based on data analysis and regressions. The main findings are that there is a trade-off between employment growth and productivity as it...

(english) This article theoretically and empirically tests the link between financial constraints and the extensive (proportion of exporters) and intensive (volume of exports) margins of international trade. The article's main contribution is its macroeconomic analysis of this relationship,...

(english) The article seeks to clarify the relationship between financial development with the proportion of exporting firms and the volume of exports. A theoretical model is developed with two countries at different levels of financial restriction and cost, several sectors differentiated by...

L'objet de ce travail est d'étudier l'évolution de la pauvreté urbaine en Côte d'Ivoire depuis les années 1980. On s'attache à rendre compte de plusieurs dimensions de la pauvreté, à vérifier, par des techniques de la dominance, la robustesse des tendances observées et à estimer de...

(english) In Madagascar, Orange introduced its mobile banking services in September 2010. Mobile-banking (m-banking) is a system that allows users to conduct a number of financial transactions through a mobile phone. The existing body of literature suggests that the use of m-banking services may...