opportunity entrepreneurs, who voluntarily pursue a business opportunity, and necessity entrepreneurs, who lack alternative … indicate that the returns to a year of education for opportunity entrepreneurs are 3.5 percentage points higher than the paid … employees' rate of 8.1%, but 6.5 percentage points lower for necessity entrepreneurs. …

Why do people engage in entrepreneurship and commit large parts of their personal wealth to their business, despite … suggests possible future research avenues. Key insights from the literature are that entrepreneurs may operate in imperfect … financial markets and that entrepreneurs are less risk-averse than the rest of the population. A focus of this paper is …

entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2010, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socioeconomic …

rates of entrepreneurs. Whereas recent research underpins the theoretical proposition of a positive correlation between risk … entrepreneurs. The empirical results confirm that persons whose risk attitudes are in the medium range survive significantly longer … as entrepreneurs than do persons with particularly low or high risks. …

employed represent opportunity entrepreneurs because pull factors provide the rationale for their decision. However, a data set …When unemployed persons go into business, they often are characterized as necessity entrepreneurs, because push factors … between motives, survival rates and entrepreneurial development. We find in particular that start-ups out of opportunity and …

she inherits capital. This effect is particularly strong for entrepreneurs that switch from self-employment into wage …