In this article, we focus on the effects of preferential trade arrangements on agricultural trade and agricultural income. Given the large number of preferential trade arrangements and complex interactions among them, we attempt to discover whether preferential trade arrangements are beneficial...

A modified gravity-type model was employed to evaluate the effect of exchange rate volatility on wheat exports worldwide. Special attention was given to the econometric properties of the gravity model within a panel framework. Short and long-term measures of exchange rate volatility were...

This paper examines whether exchange rate misalignment negatively affects agricultural trade, compared to other industry sectors. Nominal exchange rate misalignment is obtained from the percentage deviation of real exchange rates from their long-run equilibrium based on the theory of purchasing...

The purpose of this paper is to review past trade relations in the grains sector between the United States and Canada and to document trade barriers and the potential for the evolution of reciprocal trade. Historical trade flows between the United States and Canada in the grains sector are...

A "hybrid" spatial price equilibrium model is developed to evaluate changes in production, consumption, and trade of feed and malting barley under alternative domestic and agricultural trade policy regimes. The analysis includes the economic welfare impacts of changes in various farm subsidy...

European Union (EU) dominance of the world malt trade is thought to be due to quality advantages and/or due to export restitutions. A Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) was estimated for four major malt importing countries: Japan, Brazil, Philippines, and Venezuela....

One of the major trade policy problems identified by U.S. interests, including grower groups, traders, and policymakers, is that of pricing transparency. This has been a gnawing issue generally related to the pricing practices of competitor exporting countries with state trading enterprises...

The grain trading industry has changed radically during the past two decades. This report describes these changes in detail. First, dynamics of the major fundamental changes are described. Second, the extent and nature of structural changes in the grain handling industry are analyzed. Changes in...

Planned introductions of genetically modified crop varieties can be troublesome to model. Estimation of demand and supply equations is not feasible due to lack of data. Further, specifying demand and supply equations requires calibration to a presumed equilibrium. Depending on the point chosen,...