production and livestock feed usage, elevator storage capacity, access to railroad grain handling facilities, and to a limited … local wheat production, elevator storage capacity, the number of competitors in local markets, and by location relative to …

Hedging effectiveness is the proportion of price risk removed through hedging. Empirical hedging studies typically … estimate a set of risk minimizing hedge ratios, estimate the hedging effectiveness statistic, apply the estimated hedge ratios … to a second group of data, and examine the robustness of the hedging strategy by comparing the hedging effectiveness for …

Recent spikes in commodity prices have led to higher margin amounts and option premiums. For the most part, producers … the use of these markets. This study determines the relative costs of hedging with futures and options and compares these … with the costs of other variable inputs. We find that with the exception of hedging corn with both tools and soybeans with …