June, 2013. We employ the recently developed test of causality in variance by Hafner and Herwarz (2006) and then we track …

-directional causality between money and income. When we apply Granger Causality tests we find that income Granger causes money. The … causality disappears when we add interest rates. Next when we use an Error Correction Model the results of the traditional … Granger causality tests hold true in the bivariate system. But, we observe bi-causality under longer lag specifications, and …

series. Thus, in this study, both linear and nonparametric cointegration and Granger Causality tests were conducted utilizing … a monthly data set over 1966:01 and 2011:06. Results from the linear cointegration test showed no long-run relationship … between house and stock prices. At the same time, the linear Granger causality test produced no evidence of causality running …

export as a proxy for economic growth, the results show that there is bi-directional causality between export and economic …This paper investigates the causal relationship between export and economic growth for Botswana, using quarterly data … for the period 1995.1-2005.4. It uses two measures of economic growth namely, GDP and GDP excluding export. When GDP is …

Commodity and asset prices have a well-documented effect on economic growth, manifested through various channels. At … commodity and asset prices on the long-run economic growth is ambiguous, most of the previous researches highlight a positive … and we test the historical influence of oil, gold, housing and stock prices, over the output growth. Different from other …