the fines. Fines can be costly to implement because of agency problems and corruption. To solve the problem of corruption …, we examine how the earlier mechanisms helped to combat corruption in law enforcement and why they were less effective in …

revenue, they ignore the social benefits of deterrence. We show that this problem can be partially resolved by combining the …

The standard economic model of crime since Becker (1968) is primarily concerned with deterrence. Actual punishment … fixed, incapacitation can result in a longer or a shorter optimal prison term compared to the deterrence-only model. It is … constrained by offenders' wealth, the optimal prison term is zero. Since the fine achieves first-best deterrence, only efficient …

The standard economic model of crime focuses on the goal of deterrence, but actual punishment schemes, most notably … combines the deterrence and incapacitation motives for criminal punishment. The resulting hybrid model retains the rationality … assumption that is the basis of the pure deterrence model, but assumes that offenders face repeated criminal opportunities over …

This paper develops an economic model of criminal enforcement that combines the goals of deterrence and incapacitation … of deterrence), and an infinite (life) sentence for repeat offenders (based on the goal of incapacitation). …

Economic models of crime have focused primarily on the goal of deterrence; the goal of incapacitation has received much … less attention. This paper adapts the standard deterrence model to incorporate incapacitation. When prison only is used …, incapacitation can result in a longer or a shorter optimal prison term compared to the deterrence-only model. It is longer if there …

weak identification. He finds a negative impact of corruption on investment and economic growth that appears to be robust … investigate other instruments commonly used in the corruption literature and obtain similar results. After identifying an … instrument with sufficient strength we fail to reject a zero effect of corruption on investment and economic growth. …

costs into the model provides a justification for punitive damage caps. At the optimum, caps balance deterrence against the …