This paper analyzes to what extent John Maynard Keynes was successful in showing that the economic system tends to fluctuate around a position of equilibrium below full employment in the long run. It is argued that a successful extension of Keynes’s principle of effective demand to the long...

The Great Depression led to a need to rethink the principles of central banking, as much as it had led to the rethinking of economics in general, with the Keynesian Revolution at the forefront of the theoretical changes. This paper suggests that the role of the monetary authority as a fiscal...

The debt crisis of the early 1980s prompted several analyses that emphasized the negative role of fiscal deficits on economic development. This negative view of fiscal deficits was consolidated in the so-called Washington Consensus agenda. International financial crises – recurrent in a world...