Appropriation possibilities significantly alter economic fundamentals in a production and exchange economy. This is the primary lesson of our model, which combines Ricardian trade and the potential for predator/prey behavior. The model shows how conflict can be subdued by mutual gains from...

We examine incentives to seize and defend goods offered for trade in an Edgeworth box economy. Appropriation possibilities generate an equilibrium of coerced redistribution and voluntary trade in a reduced box. Potential mutual gains remain untaken because the prospect of piracy creates a price...

This paper tries to define the position of the exiled Cuban community with regard to the return of Cuban properties expropriated by the Castro regime. Since the exiled community is made up of people from different socioeconomic backgrounds who have experienced life in several countries and...

When appropriation possibilities are overlooked, the predictions of standard trade models can be misleading. Trade theorists need a new class of models designed to investigate the effects of appropriation possibilities on exchange. Toward this end we incorporate appropriation possibilities into...

Many countries have large regions, often arid and semi-arid, which are perennially subject to severe local variability in environmental conditions such as drought, floods, fires, insect and disease infestations and so on. Much of the work on changes in environmental conditions has been on...

Few national economic policies have been mired in policy gridlock as deeply and for as long a period of time as grazing fees and other issues with respect to the use of public lands. The purpose of this paer is to provide an economic framework for analyzing grazing fees and other public land...

This paper considers the legal conflict between farmers and cattle raisers over the fencing of animals and crops within the context of Kansas in the 1870s, when counties were given the option to retain the traditional fence laws (requiring crops to be fenced in) or to adopt the herd laws...

We derive the payoffs of a hawk-dove game based upon production, exchange, and appropriation possibilities. We then link the evolutionary equilibrium of the game to economy-wide fundamentals: production, volume of trade, security of property, welfare, and the extent of hawks in the economy....

Although conflict economics has expanded its interest post-Cold War violence, our theme is that conflict potential weaves itself into the decision of consumers, producers, and traders in ways that economists have essentially ignored. This is the lesson of our literature review and of our model,...

Grossman and Kim's (1996) predator-prey model predicts as the effectiveness of offense against defense increases, the equilibrium level of appropriation will vary from zero to full to partial predation. We test the prediction using a repeated single-play protocol with eight decision periods. The...