This paper examines the value of connections between German industry and the Nazi movement in early 1933. Drawing on previously unused contemporary sources about management and supervisory board composition and stock returns, we find that one out of seven firms, and a large proportion of the...

In this paper we use Malliavin calculus techniques to obtain an expression for the short-time behavior of the at-the-money implied volatility skew for a generalization of the Bates model, where the volatility does not need to be neither a difussion, nor a Markov process as the examples in...

In this paper we propose a general technique to develop first and second order closed-form approximation formulas for short-time options with random strikes. Our method is based on Malliavin calculus techniques and allows us to obtain simple closed-form approximation formulas depending on the...

Using a suitable Hull and White type formula we develop a methodology to obtain a second order approximation to the implied volatility for very short maturities. Using this approximation we accurately calibrate the full set of parameters of the Heston model. One of the reasons that makes our...

We present a method to develop simple option pricing approximation formulas for a fractional Heston model, where the volatility process is defined by means of a fractional integration of a diffusion process. This model preserves the short-time behaviour of the Heston model, at the same time it...

By means of classical Itô's calculus we decompose option prices as the sum of the classical Black-Scholes formula with volatility parameter equal to the root-mean-square future average volatility plus a term due by correlation and a term due to the volatility of the volatility. This...

We see that the price of an european call option in a stochastic volatility framework can be decomposed in the sum of four terms, which identify the main features of the market that affect to option prices: the expected future volatility, the correlation between the volatility and the noise...

Executive compensation packages are often valued in an inconsistent manner: while employee stock options (ESOs) are typically valued ex-ante, cash bonuses are valued ex-post. This renders the existing valuation models of employee compensation packages theoretically unsatisfactory and,...

We develop a general error analysis framework for the Monte Carlo simulation of densities for functionals in Wiener space. We also study variance reduction methods with the help of Malliavin derivatives. For this, we give some general heuristic principles which are applied to diffusion...

In this paper we address a problem arising in risk management; namely the study of price variations of different contingent claims in the Black-Scholes model due to anticipating future events. The method we propose to use is an extension of the classical Vega index, i.e. the price derivative...