This paper examines the terms of trade for South Korea's trade in manufactures with developed and developing countries separately, using primary data for the construction of indices which cover the period 1976-95. During this period, there was no significant trend in South Korea's net barter...

This paper formalises the enduring insights of Heckscher and Ohlin in a way that avoids the two least satisfactory features of the standard Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model, namely that in an open economy factor prices are unaffected by endowments or demand and that outcomes vary drastically with...

This paper offers a formalisation of the insights of Heckscher and Ohlin that is more consistent with the evidence than standard models, and simple enough to be used for teaching and policy analysis, as well as for research. It describes both the effects of a country's factor endowments on the...

China's opening to trade is interpreted as a shift in world average factor endowments, which altered the comparative advantage of other countries. In the rest of the world on average, this shift reduced the ratio of labour-intensive manufacturing to primary production by 7-10% for output and...

The relative costs of trading different goods vary much less than the relative costs of producing them. The costs of trade are also often high. In consequence, as this paper shows theoretically and with simulations, demand elasticities in open economies are much lower than substitution...

The Collier-Dollar approach to aid allocation has been less than fully embraced by donors – even those focused on poverty reduction – and has come into conflict with a different approach based on the Millennium Development Goals. These two approaches are shown to be special cases of a more...

Most economists think that H-O works well in theory, but badly in reality, whereas the opposite is closer to the truth. After a long decline, H-O has recently experienced an empirical revival, but the standard Samuelsonian formalisation of the theory is still unsatisfactory. A modified...