This overview of the research sector in the Western Balkans is a companion piece to the Western Balkans regional research and development (R and D) strategy for innovation. The strategy aims to strengthen the region's research capacity, enhance intraregional cooperation, promote collaboration...

How much Indonesia spends on research and development (R and D) financing, where it spends it, and how it spends it, will affect the level of the country's growth for many years to come. Indonesia currently has the opportunity to consider the nature of its economic growth and where state...

In this benchmarking report, a comprehensive benchmarking analysis of the participating Sub-Saharan African universities is conducted in terms of the key indicators identified and constructed for the purpose of assessing institutional performance and health. While university benchmarking is a...

A functional review by the World Bank of Romania's research, development and innovation (RD&I) sector has been commissioned by the Government of Romania and the European Commission as part of a broader assessment of the public administration contribution to the country's growth and continued...

"The authors present a database of indicators of innovative activity around the world since the early 1960s. The data include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation outputs is patents. The main variables related to...

"Using a new global data base on patents and innovation inputs, the authors examine the process of knowledge creation measured by the dynamic relationship between research and development and U.S. patents granted. They confirm at the country level the recurrent micro-level finding of a strong...