Conventional economic wisdom has long maintained that there is a necessary trade-off between pursuit of the efficiency of a system and any attempts to improve equity between participants within that system. Economist Robert Lucas demonstrated the implications of this common economic axiom when...

With inequality reduction now being officially and broadly recognised as a key development objective with its own Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 10), there is a need for simple, economical and quick methodologies with which to focus on this area and assess progress. This paper presents such a...

The proposal by the European Union (EU) to build a "Global Gateway" to the world is potentially an important juncture in EU foreign relations. Since its official launch in December 2021, most attention has been put on the initiative's geo­strategic implications and whether the EU can compete...