government rents faded, subsidy spending became financially unsustainable and foreign donors pressed for reforms. Yet, reform has … delegitimisation. Several publications have analysed the subsidy reforms of various MENA countries, but few have systematically … analysed their impacts on the prevailing social contracts. This paper shows that reforms in a key policy field such as subsidy …

with mediating between the competing interests of different water using sectors, such as irrigation, urban water supply and … implementation of drip irrigation, (ii) weaknesses in monitoring water use and closing illegal wells, and (iii) limited cross … rights will be reduced. • Provide incentives for irrigation communities to further strengthen self-control of groundwater use …