Despite its importance for development, long-term finance is particularly scarce in countries with lower income levels. This not only results in unrealised growth and employment creation at the national level and at the level of individual firms, but also undermines a broader shift towards...

Climate change, migration flows, security - growing challenges like these are calling for new responses from EU development policy. Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 will in itself require additional financial resources of up to USD 2.5 trillion every year in middle- and...

Klimawandel, Migrationsströme, Sicherheit - Wachsende Herausforderungen wie diese fordern neue Antworten von der EU-Entwicklungspolitik. Allein um die Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung (SDGs) bis zum Jahre 2030 zu erreichen, bedarf es zusätzlicher finanzieller Ressourcen von jährlich bis zu...

The demand for digital financial services has risen significantly over recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated this trend and since the focus has shifted towards economic recovery, digital lending has become central. Digital credit products exploit traditional and alternative...

With inequality reduction now being officially and broadly recognised as a key development objective with its own Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 10), there is a need for simple, economical and quick methodologies with which to focus on this area and assess progress. This paper presents such a...

The overall purpose of this evaluation is to ensure accountability for the use of allocated resources as well as to promote a lesson-learning culture in European Commission (EC) development cooperation. The main specific objectives of the evaluation were: •to provide the relevant external...