Das Jahr 1993 war für Kasachstan von zwei wesentlichen Entwicklungen geprägt. Zum einen hat sich die krisenhafte Entwicklung der Wirtschaft weiter vertieft. Die zweite Änderung besteht darin, daß Kasachstan durch die Einführung einer eigenen Währung gegen Ende des Jahres zum ersten Mal die...

Der vorliegende Bericht ist in drei Hauptteile gegliedert. Im ersten Teil wird ein Überblick über die Strukturmerkmale der Wirtschaft, die außenwirtschaftliche Verflechtung, die Geldwirtschaft sowie über Konzepte und Verlauf der Reformen gegeben. Der zweite Teil geht ausführlich auf die...

The Country Opinion Survey in Kazakhstan assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Kazakhstan perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia,...

After suffering a pandemic-driven slump in 2020, Kazakhstan's economic recovery is on track, having sustained quarterly growth throughout Q3 2021. Reduced COVID-19 cases and the loosening of mobility restrictions support business activities and maintain the rebound in consumer demand. However,...

The Republic of Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia, the country shares borders with the Russian Federation to the north, China to the east, and Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and the Kyrgyz Republic to the south. The Caspian Sea forms a natural boundary to the west. Kazakhstan contains...

Kazakhstan's economy started to recover in the second half of 2020, although real GDP is still lower than pre-COVID-19. After suffering the worst contraction in the past two decades, Kazakhstan's real GDP rebounded in the third quarter of 2020, and growth has extended to the first quarter of...

This edition of the Kazakhstan Economic Update is part of a biannual series designed to monitor economic developments in Kazakhstan. It presents a concise analysis of macroeconomic and structural conditions from late 2015 through the first five months of 2016

This edition of the Kazakhstan Country Economic Update (CEU) is part of a semi-annual series designed to monitor socio-economic developments in Kazakhstan. It presents a concise analysis of political, economic and social developments, as well as a progress report on structural reform...

Four mutually supportive strategic pillars and related policy priorities would help Kazakhstan continue the structural transformation that stalled during the oil booms, in order to eliminate poverty and build a large and secure middle class: 1. economic management for diversification, to...