The resurgence of subsidies and industrial policies has raised concerns about their potential inefficiency and … retaliatory measures from other countries, leading to a wasteful "subsidy race." However, subsidies for sectors with inherent … industry's growth, with subsidies being the primary form of support. They also highlight the importance of cross …

Japanese and US firms in their markets. The duopoly model is used to determine export prices and volumes in response to the … fluctuation of the growth rate of trade balance is derived. These are the novel features of our model. The export price equation … and export volume equation are estimated for several Asian countries for the sample period of 1981 to 1996. Results are …

rest of world. Most countries export products that complement the US and substitute China, and a subset operate along … downward-sloping supplies. Heterogeneity in responses, rather than specialization, drives export variation across countries …

U.S.-owned manufacturing affiliates in foreign countries tended to become more export-oriented between 1966 and 1977 … affiliate activities in almost all cases. The most export-oriented were subsidiaries in machinery industries in Southeast Asia …, however, and high rates of affiliate export growth were associated with rapid growth of host country GDP and exports …

It has been suggested that countries which export in especially risky sectors will experience higher output volatility …. This paper develops a measure of the riskiness of a country's pattern of export specialization, and illustrates its … countries whose comparative advantage in the risky sectors is not too strong will diversify their export structure to insure …

with global fixed export costs and one with bilateral fixed export costs. With global costs, import sales per product …-office revenues per movie. The data thus appear to reject the bilateral-fixed-export-cost model in favor of the global-fixed-export …

We investigate and compare countries' export growth based on their performance at the extensive and intensive export … export markets but shortly exit when it learns its per- period fixed costs. We apply this insight to disaggregated export … data and confirm that indeed most export relationships are very short lived. We then show that the survival issue is a …