experiences, a typology is suggested and applied to five coal regions in Germany, Romania, Poland and the Czech Republic. It … from two different structural change processes in Germany. The hard coal mining phase-out in the Ruhr area that started in … the 1950s and has recently been completed is compared with the more recent lignite mining phase-down in Lusatia. A new …

, which also greatly affected the Lusatian lignite economy. The case study describes the historical structural change process … over the course of time. For a long time, these interventions focussed on the economic region of “East Germany” as a whole … renaturation measures in the areas affected by the closure of the lignite opencast mines or in the remediation of former industrial …