potential long-run impact on individuals over decades and even generations. History, however, offers a solution. Historical … the long-run effects on health, labor, and human capital of both historical pandemics (with a focus on the 1918 Influenza …

In a famous paper, Kenneth Sokoloff argued that the labor input of entrepreneurs was generally not included in the … thumb" imputation for the entrepreneurial labor input. Using establishment level manufacturing data from the 1850 …-80 censuses and textual evidence I argue that, contrary to Sokoloff's claim, the census did generally include the labor of …