Our purpose in this paper is to provide a different perspective on the by now widely discussed idea of innovation systems. This perspective is designed to cohere with the problems faced by innovation policy makers as they seek to pursue the challenge of creating wealth from knowledge and to...

Because different people can develop different skills, a knowledge rich society must be an ecology of specialists; knowledge is distributed within each human brain, within each organisation and within the economic and social system; and being distributed it can grow, provided that it is...