This paper analyses intra-industry trade in the new member States and its impact on the convergence process. The paper investigates the development of intra-industry trade (IIT) of the NMS with major partners between 2000-2007. IIT is separated into horizontal and vertical components on the...

This paper analyses the impact of the EU accession of Bulgaria and Romania. The fifth EU enlargement in 2004 and 2007 did not only extend the Single European Market. Since 2009, the euro zone encompasses 16 out of 27 EU member states. Additionally the Schengen area has been expanded to include...

These texts are an addendum to the texts originally published as Europaper No 7 "Compilation of community legislation and related documents", and should be read in conjunction with that work. A definitive version of the compilation will be published later in the year.

The paper discusses the impact of EMU on the 12 Mediterranean partner countries. It argues that the introduction of the euro is likely to have a positive, albeit limited, impact on the region. The Mediterranean partners will benefit from a more predictable and transparent external environment...

This work aims to contribute to the policy debate on how to spur "digital growth" in Europe in the context of the crisis, by assessing the potential economic impact of structural reforms efforts either already undertaken or imminently foreseen in the field of European digital markets. Namely,...

There has been an ongoing trend towards increasing internationalisation of production over the past two decades or so. This implies that countries become more dependent on demand from foreign countries but also that countries and industries are able to source intermediates from different...

Preparations for the introduction of the euro are underway in all sectors. The Commission Communication on "Practical Aspects of the Introduction of the Euro" of October 1997, provided information on these ongoing preparations at national and European level by both the private and the public...

Exchange rate variability is a central theme in the debate on the performance of exchange rate regimes. The consequences of this variability for economic activities have always been a major concern of policy makers. The present study focuses on international trade. The aim is to construct a...

Has MERCOSUR's trade performance to date provided strong evidence that it has encouraged inefficient trade flows between its members? This paper evaluates the methodology suggested by Yeats (1997, 1998) to study trade flows within MERCOSUR. Yeats was motivated by the traditional concern of...

The following fact sheets provide an overview of the state of preparations for the changeover of public administrations to the euros as of 15 May 1998. All eleven participating Member States are now in the process of enacting euro-related legislation which will come into force on 1 January 1999....