, over the long run, the export financing scheme had a negative effect on exports while the rebate/refund scheme affected …Throughout Pakistans history, policy has sought to promote exports through government support and incentives. The … government machinery is geared to export promotion especially through direct and indirect subsidies. Surprisingly, these policies …

) government bonds, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) needs a currency with international status that can match its economic …

) government bonds, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) needs a currency with international status that can match its economic …

behind us. We argue that, for rebalancing its economy, China needs a comprehensive package focusing on further liberalization …

China and India have both attempted distorting the exchange rate in order to foster exports-led growth. This is …, in order to foster export-led growth. The costs and benefits of this approach need to factor in the extent to which … in real terms) in both India and China. We find that through the great business cycle boom of the early 2000s, both …

This working paper assesses the progress made in improving China’s exchange rate policies over the past five years … (that is, since 2002). I first discuss four indicators of progress on China’s external imbalance and its exchange rate … policies—namely, the change in (and level of) China’s global current account position, movements in the real effective exchange …