With the introduction of the international accounting standards in Europe and dissemination of LDI (Liability Driven Investment) as a new investment standard, the investor demand for super-long end has been rising also in Japan. Under these circumstances, it is required that the Japanese...

In this paper, we evaluate anytime Bermudan options, a class of path-dependent American options, by Monte Carlo simulation. Assuming that the state variable is Markovian, we show that the price of the path-dependent American option satisfies a dynamic programming equation. The continuation value...

This paper examines the effects of uncertainty through dynamic learning about the firm's project value in the real options framework. We extend the real options framework with incomplete information by allowing an unobserved state variable that drives profits to follow a stochastic process with...