-term parental welfare measure. We find there is a substantial intergenerational mobility away from poverty among children from poor … households. However, the risk of continuing to live in poverty as adults is 35 percentage points higher for children from … chronically poor households than for children from households which are not chronically poor. …

significant effect of orphanhood on health. However, chronically poor children have worse health and education outcomes. Among … young children, the effect of maternal orphanhood on education is significantly more adverse than that of chronic poverty …

significant effect of orphanhood on health. However, chronically poor children have worse health and education outcomes. Among … young children, the effect of maternal orphanhood on education is significantly more adverse than that of chronic poverty …

-term parental welfare measure. We find there is a substantial intergenerational mobility away from poverty among children from poor … households. However, the risk of continuing to live in poverty as adults is 35 percentage points higher for children from … chronically poor households than for children from households which are not chronically poor. …

I estimate the gradient among children 0 to 14 years old across different age groups using data from Indonesia. I find … that while the gradient is strong among the very young, it gets weaker and almost disappears among children older than 6. I … find that unequal mortality of children by socioeconomic status depresses the gradient among children 3 years old or …