Although consumption expenditure data is crucial for assessing the level of peoples welfare and calculating important …, we experiment with three approaches to predict consumption expenditure and poverty at household and aggregate level as … simpler alternatives to using consumption expenditure. The idea is not to use these alternatives as a substitute for …

, and analyzing them separately may yield results that are useful for public policy. Hence, we analyze the consumption … 120,309 households, has been used for this purpose. We found that most forms of tobacco consumption are higher among … consumption were found to be signifcant factors determining tobacco consumption habits of Indian households. The effect of some of …

foreign exchange reserves, utility-maximizing representative agents decide consumption, capital stock, and labor input, as … a permanent decline in consumption. However, when the tradable sector is capital intensive, the increase may enhance … shortens debt maturity. The results also imply that increased foreign exchange reserves may lead to a decline in consumption …

The aim of this paper is to examine if tobacco consumption crowds-out consumption of basic needs and whether it has … commodities by the status of tobacco consumption of households. Average per capita per diem intake of nutrients such as calorie … consumption of certain commodities such as milk, clean fuels and entertainment which has direct bearing on mostly children and …

This paper discusses Japan’s strategy for Asian monetary integration. It argues that Japan faces three major policy … a leadership role in this endeavor. There is no question that Japan and the PRC are such potential leaders, and the two … monetary zone in Asia, Japan needs to make significant efforts at the national and regional levels and further strengthen …