Population growth rate matters for determining the optimal amount of capital in the context of dynamic inefficiency. From the aspect of social security, if there are pension schemes, individuals have no motive for having a child as income source for retirement periods. Thus, it is important to...

With a declining birthrate and an aging population, Japan is increasingly finding itself in deeper financial difficulties. Recognizing these conditions, the government is now examining a framework for maintaining fiscal sustainability, mainly at the Council of Economic and Fiscal Policy. The...