This paper analyzed the degree and the current status of localization of Japanese affiliates in China, dealing with the following three major issues- (1) comparison of localization (expatriates, local sales, local procurement, local management) of Japanese and US affiliates in China and in other...

This paper examines the exporting job hypothesis that expansion of overseas operations of manufacturing multinational enterprises (MNEs) reduces home employment using data for Japanese MNEs. While the existing studies are mainly based on the industry level data, this paper presents the evidence...