This paper deals with the problem of vulnerability of developing countries and their resilience capacity with respect to external shocks. The analysis particularly considers the countries of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. Although the transmission risks of the 2007 financial crisis were...

The causality between energy consumption and real income in developed countries has been a very vital research topic in recent years. Raising concerns about climate change and global warming increase the pressure on policy makers to take action against energy depletion. Unfortunately these...

Corruption undermines economic development and therefore it is one of the major factors hindering economic growth and political stability, especially in the developing countries. Studies in recent years show that countries with rich natural resources have the potential to shape corruption....