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"Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644247
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enforcing such regulations are complex tasks, particularly where sophisticated markets do not exist and institutions are …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644246
Just like nearly every aspect of human experience, crime, civil conflict, and violence have become increasingly global … Internationalization of Crime, Conflict, and Violence, offers a unified framework to take stock of the theoretical and empirical literature … on crime, conflict, and violence and to discuss how the international community organizes itself to address security as a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644297
, along with conflict and climate change, has not merely slowed global poverty reduction but reversed it for first time in … live in fragile or conflict-affected situations, a share that could reach two-thirds by 2030. Multiple effects of climate … require responding effectively to COVID-19, conflict, and climate change while not losing focus on the challenges that most …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644321
Experience shows that there is often ample room for more effective and efficient use of investment tax incentives in low-income countries. Tax incentives generally rank low in investment climate surveys in low-income countries, and there are many examples in which they are reported to be...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644784
With some 19 million US Dollars (1.6 percent of GDP) in unresolved arrears to official bilateral creditors, Grenada remains in external public debt distress. However, debt appears sustainable reflecting favorable projected debt dynamics from substantial fiscal surpluses that are supported by the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012646559
An updated joint assessment of Rwanda's debt sustainability suggests continued low risk of external debt distress. External debt burden indicators remain below risk thresholds, except for a short and temporary breach of debt service indicators in 2023, when the Eurobond issued in 2013 matures....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012646561
Togo's risk of external debt distress continues to be moderate, while the overall risk of debt distress is high-unchanged from the previous Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) published in December 2018. While the mechanical results point to a low risk of external debt distress, judgment was...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012646562
Guinea is at moderate risk of external debt distress with some space to absorb shocks. All external debt burden indicators under the baseline scenario lie below their policy-dependent thresholds. Stress tests suggest that debt vulnerabilities will increase if adverse shocks materialize. Under...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012646568