of poverty rates and inequality levels. We also estimate a heterogeneous response to the mining-abundant condition …, finding stronger responses in lower-poverty, higher-inequality districts. Finally, we find a trend suggesting incremental … activities, on the reduction of poverty and inequality. …

Between 2000 and 2013, Latin America has considerably reduced poverty (from 46.3% to 29.7% of the population). In this …, and 14% of those in the middle-class, experience poverty at least once over a ten-year period. Furthermore, chronic … poverty remains widespread (representing 91% and 50% of extreme and moderate poverty respectively). Differences between rural …