equilibrium price effects of coupons, we employ individual-level data to estimate a discrete choice model of demand for multiple … sclerosis drugs. We use our demand estimates to parameterize a model of drug price negotiations. For this category of drugs, we …

of services or unit price. We compare the treatment of heart attacks and newly diagnosed chest pain in HMOs and …

, half of the spending variation is driven by price variation across regions and half is driven by quantity variation. Prices … homogenous service such as lower-limb MRIs, about a fifth of the total case-level price variation occurs within a hospital in the … cross-section. Hospital market structure is strongly associated with price levels and contract structure. Prices at monopoly …

) consumer price shopping (ii) quantity reductions and (iii) quantity substitutions, finding that spending reductions are … entirely due to outright reductions in quantity. We find no evidence of consumers learning to price shop after two years in …, conditional on their true expected end-of-year shadow price and their prior year end-of-year marginal price. In the first …

, largely due to the fact that students significantly outnumber teachers. Data from North Carolina, Wisconsin, Australia …