the gender wage gap in West Germany between 2001 and 2006. Based on detailed linked employer-employee data, we show that … for male (female) employees. Despite these changes, the gender wage gap remains almost constant, with some small gains for … contribute to an increase in the gender wage gap. Personal characteristics tend to reduce wage inequality for both, males and …

.S.. Employment trends in both countries are consistent with polarization since the 1990s. We conclude that although there is evidence …