in Côte d'Ivoire do not seem to be much distorted. Unions may influence employment through tenure but do not seem to … influence wages directly except for vulnerable minorities that seem protected by unions. Establishment-size wage effects are … pronounced and highest for white-collar workers. This may be explained by the efficiency wage theory, so that, even in the …

authors analyze how the supply of skills and legal origin of the country affect the wage setting process. The wage analysis … just for returns to education, but also for the wage setting process more generally. In particular, in civil-law countries …, returns to seniority are rewarded only after a certain age. Third, workers exercise some power in the wage setting process but …