leaders combined patents and secrecy to deter entry. Patents were also used to within cartels to organize technology licensing …The strategies of rent appropriation and market structure are inter- dependent. How firms use patents depends upon …. The role of patents changed in the less concentrated post war markets. In bulk organic chemicals and petrochemicals, even …

possibility of licensing increases both firms' R&D investment is also ambiguous. Licensing with up-front fixed-fee can increase …-post welfare under weak patent protection. However, the results may be different for licensing contract with per- unit output …

consumption by using copyright law or technological restraints. Licensing the software under proprietary license terms makes of it … a private good, licensing it under the BSD does not change the economic nature of the software while licensing it under … depending on her software project’s market potential and on the cost of developing it. The optimal licensing for a sequence of …

license its technology. This finding is opposite to the result found on licensing under complete information. Further, we show …

hold excess capacity not for entry deterrence but for getting higher benefit from other business strategy such as licensing …. We show that co-existence of licensing and excess capacity can be found if the marginal costs of the firms are small …

The literature on technology licensing has ignored the importance of market power of the input supplier. In this paper … we examine the impact of licensing in the downstream industry when the firms in the upstream industry have market power …. We show that licensing in the downstream industry can make the upstream industry more competitive. However, licensing in …