zero. The paper shows that declining nominal prices were a rather common phenomenon during this period of low or no … inflation. The declining prices cannot, however, be explained by lack of demand or any generalized deflationary tendencies …. Hence, the downward rigidity of nominal prices has not prevented relative price adjustments under price stability. The paper …

This paper reviews the existing empirical evidence on the short-term impact on prices of fiscal variables and assesses … Commission and the OECD models. Overall, a broad consensus appears on the impact on prices of changes in individual government … limited impact on prices in the first year while, in contrast, changes in indirect taxes and employers’ social security …

issues of time and uncertainty in economics. The source of the difference between their economic ideas was the difference …

Uncertainty represented by volatilities in equity markets has been observed to be time-variable and lead output … fluctuations. In the rational expectation framework, uncertainty with this nature needs exogenous variables with time … that supervisions and law enforcement that reduce cheatings in contracts is one of the ultimate sources of uncertainty. The …

. Uniting Schumpeter's concern for innovation with Keynes' concern for uncertainty and expectations formation, this article … focuses on the behaviour of entrepreneurs confronting uncertainty caused by innovation. Entrepreneurs' behaviour is …

This paper re-examines the effects of inflation and exchange rate uncertainty on real economic activity. The existent … literature has treated both issues as separate subject matters. It has emphasized either the issue of inflation uncertainty or … exchange rate uncertainty on economic growth or on different measures of economic activity. This paper attempts dealing with …