The paper distinguishes between the classic or traditional foreign banks with their emphasis on corporate and wholesale banking, and the innovators responding to transition, deregulation or crisis in emerging markets. The innovators come in three varieties—bettors, prospectors and...

Grindlays Bank, a British overseas bank whose operations spanned South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, has a particularly long and rich history. As a multi-unit organization, Grindlays provides a good example of the point that if one wishes to understand the internationalization process of...