simultaneous existence of the urban informal sector and the urban unemployment has been explained interms of such efficiency wage … different effects in the two different situations. Interestingly, urban subsidy policies reduces urban unemployment in both of … the two cases, where as rural subsidy policy intensifies the problem of unemployment when urban informal sector is related …

present a comprehensive statistical and econometric analysis of employment, unemployment and participation in Poland in the … with some policy prescriptions. At the moment Poland exhibits the highest unemployment rate in OECD and one of the lowest …. Also the qualitative survey of institutional background of labor market in Poland is conducted. We complement our research …

There has been possibility on the new type of corruption done by the NGOs by using the access on the foreign aid in … Indonesia. In the other hand, the role of the NGOs in Indonesia is still important in order to gain the social empowerment for … inference system to approach the complexity of the measurement problem of the effectiveness the foreign aid received by the NGOs …

As the importance of NGOs is in the aid process increases, this research asks whether NGOs respond to criteria similar … to the proposed economic factors important in the conditional aid literature. Data from US-based NGOs, specifically, is … contracts and grants) and economic criteria. Results indicate that NGOs overall do respond to low per capita incomes. NGOs …

production structure. The simultaneous existence of the urban informal sector and the urban unemployment has been explained … capital is specific to the urban informal sector . Our investigation shows that rural subsidization reduces unemployment and … Gupta(1997) and Grinols (1992).Subsidization to the urban formal sector raises unemployment and domestic factor income in …

unemployment are also examined here3. The main findings are more efficient on-the-job search from the rural sector raises … equilibrium urban unemployment rate whereas increased job search efficiency from the urban informal sector lowers this rate. Again … urban subsidy policy lowers the equilibrium urban unemployment rate and rural subsidy policy raises this rate. Urban formal …

A 2002 survey of 1089 Czechs and 501 Slovaks, as well as a more limited survey of Hungary, and Poland, indicates that …

Poland. …