Patent citation data are used in a growing body of economics and business research on technological diffusion. Research … diffusing outward from the patenting entity. Until now, there exists little evidence on whether or not patent citations are a … good measure of knowledge flows. Our paper assesses the legitimacy of using European patent citations as a measure of …

issue, we build a model in which the value of an innovation depends both on the type of innovation implemented (product …, process) and on the existence of a patent protection or not. We obtain a three-equation model that links the values of product … and process innovations to the value of patent protection. This model and the feature of the data imply the estimation of …

Evaluation quality is a function of methodological and data inputs. This paper argues that there has been inadequate … investment in methodology, often resulting in low quality evaluation outputs. With an increased focus on results, evaluation … people, so attention to sound methodology matters. This paper explores three areas in which evaluation can be improved. First …

of an evaluation lies not in its (apparent) incontrovertibility but rather in its clarity of assumptions and in its …

Très souvent perçue en tant qu’instrument de jugement a posteriori, l’évaluation a entre autre été conçue comme méthode … le bilan d’une situation. Dans la pratique, l’évaluation, appliquée sous une forme opérationnelle, suppose l’emploi de …’appliquent à ce même objet. L’évaluation reste donc étroitement liée à des notions purement théoriques et se heurte encore à des …

an expensive, ineffective way of dealing with the problem; well-known management techniques can solve the problem more …

infers that, all nations, irrespective their level of development, should evaluate Productivity/Management Decisions with …