Using a large firm level panel data set from four Asian countries, this paper compares the returns to various internal and external funds. A novel feature of our analysis is that we distinguish between financially constrained and unconstrained firms and determine selectivity-corrected estimates...

One of the central explanations of the recent Asian Crisis has been the problem of moral hazard as the source of over-investment and excessive external borrowing. There is however rather limited firm-level empirical evidence to characterise inefficient use of internal and external finances....

This paper presents new results of mathematical modeling of economy and environment interaction. A model of mutual interaction of livestock farming - one in a two main agricultural branches - and natural pastures that are the essential part of livestock farming forage reserve is proposed....

Technology transfer agreements between universities and industrial companies usually involve royalties, sublicensing considerations and allocation of equity. This article extends the analysis of my previous one ("The Economic Sense of Royalty Rates", ewp-fin/970903)to deal with sublicensing...

On the basis of focused interviews with managers of foreign parent banks and their affiliates in Central Europe and the Baltics, we analyse foreign banks’ small business lending and internal capital markets. This allows us to complement the standard empirical literature, which has difficulty...

Academic institutions, involved in technology transfer to industry, are always concerned about the "fairness" of the royalty rate payable to them. The common method used by practitioners is the "Industry-Standard Approach" which is based mainly on past experience. However such approach is very...

This article investigates which firms borrow directly from the capital markets and which raise funds through intermediaries. Our empirical results show that large companies with abundant cash and collateral tap the credit markets directly. These markets cater to safe and profitable industries,...

In the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) applied to the free cash flow (FCF), we assume that the cost of debt is the market, unsubsidized rate. With debt at the market rate and perfect capital markets, debt only creates value in the presence of taxes through the tax shield. In some cases,...

We present a unified analytical theory of production and capital structure of firms. It is extended from an analytical theory of production, whose main result is an analytical formula of variable cost of production as a function of fixed cost and uncertainty. Problems on capital structure can be...

This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on the firm performance for an unbalanced panel of 2478 Indian corporate firms from 1994 to 2000. We examine the effect of interactions between corporate, foreign, institutional, and managerial ownership on firm performance. Using panel data...