issue, we build a model in which the value of an innovation depends both on the type of innovation implemented (product …, process) and on the existence of a patent protection or not. We obtain a three-equation model that links the values of product … and process innovations to the value of patent protection. This model and the feature of the data imply the estimation of …

Patent citation data are used in a growing body of economics and business research on technological diffusion. Research … diffusing outward from the patenting entity. Until now, there exists little evidence on whether or not patent citations are a … good measure of knowledge flows. Our paper assesses the legitimacy of using European patent citations as a measure of …

play a role in the contemporaneous evolution of innovation in a broad cross section of countries today. Our results …, while 'home grown' innovation is more sensitive to internal structural and institutional factors. …

subsidizing the costs of patent applications has no impact on the outcome. …

growth. Stronger IPR protection, which reduces the probability of imitation, raises the reward for innovation. However …, concentration of R&D activity in a field raises the possibility of duplication of innovation, thereby hindering growth. In several …

This paper analyzes the effects of different sources of R&D funding and patent office attributes on the patenting … influenced by patent office attributes. The state level analysis sheds light on the differing role of the federal government as …