One explanation provided for the relatively high and increasingly stable spreads for moderate-sized IPOs ($20-$80 million) documented in Chen and Ritter (2000) is that issuing firms focus less on price and more on a combination of investment bank-differentiating factors (such as underwriter...

This paper analyses the syndication behavior of VC organisations and the factors influencing their overall propensity to co-invest. We develop hypothesis concerning the investment behavior of Venture Capitalists in the German market and compare these hypothesis to the actual empirical evidence...

The goal of the paper is to study how a menu of options affects decisions of a rational agent facing uncertainty over future payoff streams. Using the real options approach, we demonstrate that multiple options not only increase the barrier which the underlying stochastic variable has to reach...

This paper analyzes the interaction of financial frictions and non- convex adjustment costs. With non-convex adjustment costs firms infrequently carry out discrete investment projects. Therefore, financial variables may influence investment in two ways. Theoretically, they can alter the...

This paper was prepared for the purpose of presenting the methodology and uses of the Monte Carlo simulation technique as applied in the evaluation of investment projects to analyse and assess risk. The first part of the paper highlights the importance of risk analysis in investment appraisal....

We present a unified analytical theory of production and capital structure of firms. It is extended from an analytical theory of production, whose main result is an analytical formula of variable cost of production as a function of fixed cost and uncertainty. Problems on capital structure can be...

On the basis of focused interviews with managers of foreign parent banks and their affiliates in Central Europe and the Baltics, we analyse foreign banks’ small business lending and internal capital markets. This allows us to complement the standard empirical literature, which has difficulty...

Foreign exchange rates can be subject to considerable daily fluctuations (up to 5 percent within one day). This can, in certain cases, cause serious losses on open overnight positions. Given a maximum tolerable loss for a company, limits have to be set on open overnight positions in foreign...

Academic institutions, involved in technology transfer to industry, are always concerned about the "fairness" of the royalty rate payable to them. The common method used by practitioners is the "Industry-Standard Approach" which is based mainly on past experience. However such approach is very...

This paper presents a simple discrete time model for valuing real options. A short proof of optimal exercise rules for the standard problems in the real options theory is given in the binomial and trinomial models, and more generally, when the underlying uncertainty is modelled as a random walk...