shortages, and utility insolvencies in California’s electricity sector. A necessary first step in determining the lessons … learned from the California electricity crisis is a diagnosis of its causes. This requires a clear understanding of the … federal and state regulatory infrastructure that governs the US electricity supply industry. The structure of California …

principles for South Au stralia, Queensland, NSW, Victoria South Africa, Chile, Colorado, Mexico and California. …

game condition. Meanwhile, humans are known to show a social stress response during face-to-face social interactions, which … might affect economic behaviors. Furthermore, it is known that there are individual differences in a social stress response … capacities of social memory. In the present study, we investigated the acute effects of social stress- induced free cortisol (a …

equities, we examine equilibrium unemployment. While a mechanism of an efficiency wage brings about nominal wage rigidity …, unemployment occurring in our model definitely has Keynesian features. For instance, a reduction in wages rather enhances … unemployment through a decrease in consumption. In addition, our paper shows a possibility of Pareto improvement through an …

unemployment, undue instability, and excess debt. …

unemployment. The public sector is decomposed into general government and an unfunded pension system with a tax benefit linkage … effects. They strengthen labor supply both in terms of job search intensity, leading to lower unemployment rates, and hours …

Are certain groups of unemployed individuals hurt less by unemployment than others? This paper is an attempt to test … the hypothesis that non- pecuniary costs of unemployment may vary between societies with different unemployment rates … related to unemployment for South African adults as to be expected in richer countries. Reported well-being levels are shown …