The paper speaks of the technological evolution using a translog cost function for a western European country – Portugal. It begins by presenting the methodological framework, the estimation process based on the iterative Zellner method to estimate systems of seemingly unrelated regression...

Nigeria is going through a difficult political and economic transition after decades of independence.Yet, Nigeria remains a society rich in cultural, linguistic, religious, ethnic and political diversity. Today, the average Nigerian struggles hard to make ends meet; sees himself or herself as...

NIGERIA IS GOING THROUGH A DIFFICULT POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TRANSITION AFTER FORTY YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE. YET, NIGERIA REMAINS A SOCIETY RICH IN CULTURAL, LINGUISTIC, RELIGIOUS, ETHNIC AND POLITICAL DIVERSITY. TODAY, THE AVERAGE NIGERIAN STRUGGLES HARD TO MAKE ENDS MEET; SEES HIMSELF OR HERSELF...

This paper analyses the problem of natural resource scarcity and its implications for economic development and international cooperation. We examine the meaning and measurement of resource “scarcity” and its implications for economic growth and development. The paper describes the conditions...

This paper examines the effect of industrialization on social capital in Indonesia during 1985 to 1997 using repeated cross-sections of nationally representative surveys. We analyze a rich set of social capital measures including multiple measures of voluntary associational activity, levels of...

In this paper we analyse the driving forces of the transition from plan to market in China. A two segments and two sectors model is constructed to take into account the particular economic situation in China during the transition process: a large agricultural sector and an industrial sector; a...

This chapter examines the process of development from an epoch of Malthusian stagnation to a state of sustained economic growth. The analysis focuses on recently advanced unified growth theories that capture the intricate evolution of income per capita, technology, and population over the entire...

A variety of proposals for creating more competition within the railroad sector and in the broader freight transport sector are under consideration in countries throughout the world. Brazil, though something of a latecomer to wider infrastructure reform, has recently taken large steps in...

We examine the composition of bilateral trade between the United States and each of eight Asian Pacific economies from 1962 to 1992. Two complementary time series analyses of individual commodities at the SITC four-digit level indicate that significant change occurred in trade composition during...