Nepal is a land locked country having 800 kms. open border with India. It has been facing the trade deficit from history to yet especially with India and then to the rest of the world (RoW) countries. His Majesty the Government had adopted the different policies in different time but most of...

The multiplier theory is still an important analytical tool in many macroeconomic textbooks. For example, a number of textbook authors use the theory to explain the process of growth in goods market by expanding the multiplier process into a geometric series, and thus obtain the route of...

Recently many editors try to reduce the turnaround times of academic journals. Shorter turnaround times, however, will induce many additional submissions of low-quality papers, increasing significantly the workload of editors and referees, and the number of rejections prior to publication. I...

This study brifly looks into the process of Turkey into the world economy and concludes that this process has been accelareted in the 1990s.

This paper investigates why regional trade arrangements (RTAs) are proliferating extensively and how the effects of multiple RTAs, by interacting with each other, evolve over time. Our empirical analysis, based on an extended gravity model utilizing a large panel data set of 175 countries from...

This article aims to determine whether the geographical pattern of the external trade of foreign-owned enterprises in Brazil differs from that of domestic enterprises and whether, in the case of foreign enterprises, the region of origin of their capital is an important factor in determining that...

Most of the large tariff reductions achieved in multilateral trade negotiations have involved the use of tariff-cutting formulas, such as the “Swiss” formula. But the wide variations in initial tariff rates between active participants may create a demand for new approaches in the Doha...

The results of the Uruguay Round, show that the concessions given by developing countries were generally more valuable than those they received from industrial countries. I suggest that this outcome is explained by aggressive demands from industrial countries, and by the lack of resources at the...

This study is divided in ten sections. The first three sections are devoted to macroeconomic performance of the economy in the 1990s, followed by the analysis of contemporary foreign trade performance and institutions. The overall and dramatic decay starting from 1990 is registered in all topics...