The paper focuses on efficiency under monopoly. Contrary to common wisdom, nine examples given in the paper show that a … Pareto-efficient output in monopoly is possible under both linear and nonlinear pricing. Pareto efficiency can be achieved … conditions; different pricing strategies; and different degree of consumer heterogeneity, in general, monopoly per se is not the …

price discrimination. However, if monopoly power is "short lived" (for example due to copying), we show that, depending on …

, monopoly, state-owned model of the railway in favor of models that create competition. However, different competitive models …