A number of commentators have argued that technological innovation is about to change the institutional structure of the retail payments system. Through the potential private issue of currency via new electronic payments systems – electronic money – individuals will create currencies based...

The paper analyzes three neoclassical models of money with emphasis on the equilibrium concepts employed. It is argued that the neoclassical theories fail to analyze the emergence of the social institution of money. Instead, they focus on the consistency of individual decisions regarding the...

Due to their functionality, stored value purses based on smart card technology are prominent candidates for being the dominant medium of exchange for micropayments. However, the overall prospects of these payment systems are yet ambiguous, both from the perspective of practice and monetary...

Woodford employs an inter-temporal general equilibrium model to examine the properties of the monetary system as it evolves form the use of a physical medium of exchange to an electronic medium. He presents a structure in which cash as a means of payment can be made to vanish at the limit but...

This paper analyses the effects of innovations in retail payment systems on the conduct and implementation of monetary policy. Recent innovations in retail payment systems (access products and electronic money products) are placed in the context of historical institutional change in the...

Extensive theoretical analysis of electronic money and electronic money systems based on quantum theoretical approach. Fundamental critique to traditional approach to electronic money.

The focus of this study is the habitual speculator in commodity futures markets. The speculator's activity broadens a market, creates essential liquidity, and performs an irreplaceable pricing function. Working knowledge of the profiles and motivations of habitual speculators is essential to...

We analyze first-price auctions with two asymmetric bidders, where the winner can offer the good for resale to the loser. One bidder has a private value for the good, the other bidder - the speculator - has zero value. We show that, independently of the resale market rules, the speculator's...