This paper presents international evidence on the use of financial derivatives for a sample of 7,292 non-financial firms from 48 countries including the United States. Across all countries, 59.8% of the firms use derivatives in general, while 43.6% use currency derivatives, 32.5% interest rate...

Firm value is influenced in many direct and indirect ways by financial risks, which consist of unexpected changes of foreign exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. The fact that a significant number of corporations are committing resources to risk management activi-ties is,...

This paper looks at the history of money and its modern form from a scientific and mathematical point of view. The approach here is to emphasize simplicity. A straightforward model and algebraic formula for a large economy analogous to the ideal gas law of thermodynamics is proposed. It may be...

This paper examines the Malaysian foreign exchange market efficiency for the USD, Singapore dollar, pound, and yen over the 1980:1-1994:12 period by utilizing Johansen-Juselius (JJ) Maximum Likelihood procedure. The bivariate cointegration results show the absence of cointegration among the...

The paper examines the economic and regulatory factors that led to an explosion in the wholesale power prices, supply shortages, and utility insolvencies in California’s electricity sector. A necessary first step in determining the lessons learned from the California electricity crisis is a...

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the demand for money in Malaysia over the 1980:1-1994:10 period using cointegration and error correction methodology. The analysis shows that money balance, income, exchange rate, price and interest rate are cointegrated. Thus, the long- run demand for...

This report summarises the findings of a study on the growth factors and growth prospects of the business services (BS)industry, applying an internationally comparative perspective. The report untangles factors behind the extraordinary growth of the BS industry during last decade,comparing it...

We calculate an "enlarged" Phillips curve for a theoretical EMU with 12+8 Member States. Both the empirical evidence and the econometric analysis show the worsening of the trade-off between inflation and unemployment, and hence the need to revise, at least temporarily, the stance of the ECB...