a lower IMF rate. Highly indebted countries hit by large negative shocks to output will default. The resulting reduction … further rounds of defaults. In this environment the IMF can limit default and internalize the externality generated by … contagion through its lending with conditionality. We characterize the IMF's optimal lending decision in mitigating the loss in …

This paper aims to assess the economic impact of the IMF’s support through its facilities for low-income countries. It … relies on two complementary econometric analyses: the first investigates the longer-term impact of IMF engagement … role of IMF shock-related financing—through augmentations of Extended Credit Facility arrangements and short-term and …

This paper studies the factors that have influenced countries' participation in IMF drawing programs. IMF drawing …-track, it provides a closer link to the factors that have influenced the evolution of IMF credit outstanding. The analysis uses … determinants of countries' participation in IMF drawing programs. The importance of the global factor is not uniform during the …