an integrated analysis of both lobbying activities and leads to interesting insights into the behavior of the interest … implications for the current discussions in the United States and Europe concerning the reform of their respective rules of party …

participation on the incidence of reform. Fernandez and Rodrik (1991) show that uncertainty about who will ultimately gain or lose … as a result of a reform can prevent its adoption. We introduce intra-group conflict into this framework by incorporating … the incidence of reform even with costly political participation, and that an increase in the cost of participation …

This paper formulates a model of dynamic, endogenous reform of political institutions. Specifically, a class of dynamic … exhibit institutional reform? Which tend toward institutional stability? In any state, private (public) sector decisions are … reform occurs if public sector decisions are not essential. Conversely, private sector decisions are essential if …

present an illustrative positive model of lobbying activity where we apply our characterization result to show that every …