This paper estimates the agglomeration benefits that arise from vertical linkages between firms in the context of Indonesia. The analysis is based on international trade and economic geography theory developed by Krugman and Venables (1995). We identify the agglomeration benefits off the spatial...

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What has been the impact of the trade liberalization on the regional and industrial wage structure in Brazil? This paper attempts to shed light on the determinants of the evolution of wages during the period 1986-1999. We approach this question relying on the main insights of the new economic...

In this paper we estimate the early effect of the European Monetary Union (EMU) on trade and its possible effects on the UK. We use a panel data set that includes the most recent information on bilateral trade for 22 developed countries from 1992 through 2001. After 1999, 12 European countries...

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Because rural poverty and low agricultural productivity are closely related, governments often actively pursue policies designed to boost productivity and incomes in the poorest regions. This paper examines why such large variations in agricultural productivity occur and identifies policy...